You don’t have to use the deep woods decor to the degree where your home resembles a rustic wood cabin. You could choose to just use the decor in one room or you can use just a few pieces to add a touch of nature to a room, whichever you choose. You may want to start with a less used room, like a guest room or half bath to see if you enjoy the look of deep woods décor in your room. By following just a few guiding tips, you can add deep woods décor to your home in a classy and beautiful way.

To create the deep woods look in a room, you want to start with painting the walls. You could choose to paint the walls a dark green or burgundy or you can paint just one or two walls to use as accent walls. The bedding or other furnishings that you choose will help you to determine which color will work best for your room. The bed and furniture can be tools for your décor as well with the many different log beds and wooden furniture that you can find in all different styles and stains.

Don’t forget your windows. Windows are a very important part of creating a cohesive look in a room. You can choose fabrics that go well with the deep woods décor to create valances or curtains out of. Art is another thing that you will want to consider. There are many different options for art, including scenery, animals, and even pictures of you and your family enjoying a camping trip. Find accessories that you love and enjoy looking at to create the look that you want for your room. Bears, deer, trees, and other pieces of nature are quite common in deep woods décor. Your choices are up to you and your personal preferences.

The good news is that using deep woods décor is something that can stand the test of time. It is not just a passing fad that you will feel that you need to change in a year or so. You will be able to find décor items to add to your room on any budget for many years to come.

Adam_Peters

Air filter itself has own service life. It should be changed after you have run your car after 15000 miles. If you do not run your car for long distance and time, you can change the filter once a year. You can purchase original air filter in automotive market. One of trusted car accessories provider is carid.com. This place also becomes official dealer of custom after market filter. The aftermarket filter will be installed like the standard one without you do additional actions. You can come to this place for getting the new and original one. There are many brands that produce air filter. You can find K&N, Injen, Volant, DUB Air, and many more. Each has unique air filter, but all have top quality ones.

Before your car machine is broken, we can anticipate through monitoring air intake in the car. After 1500 miles, we can change it. Trust it that concerning the importance of air filter will make your machine keep healthy. You can choose air filter you need. It also could be divided by filtering core formed by paper, foam, and cotton. Shapes of air filter could be adjusted based on shapes on car model. The most familiar shapes are rectangular or ring-shaped. There is further information. Just come to this place for knowing that and getting the custom after market filter.

Steel roof installations have more than doubled in the last five years and will continue to grow 15 percent per year, according to the Metal Roofing Alliance (MRA). There is no material more capable of protecting a home from destructive weather conditions.

Benefits of Metal Roofing

§ Durability

A metal roof will last at least two to three times longer than an asphalt roof, or 40 to 60 years. In the warm, humid Southern states, metal is virtually immune to the unsightly mildew stains that often form on asphalt shingles. Properly installed, a metal roof won’t leak or rust and can withstand wind gusts up to 140 miles per hour.

Shane Scott, a real-estate entrepreneur from LaGrange, Georgia, renovates and resells older homes. He installed a metal roof for his own home in 2000 and was so pleased with it he’s purchased metal roofs for all the homes he’s refurbished since then.

“When buyers are considering a home, they’re always concerned about the condition of the roof,” notes Scott. “With metal, they know they won’t need to do anything to it for at least 50 years. With an asphalt roof, they’ll need to replace it within 15 to 20 years.”

§Protection

Most metal roof systems have passed UL 2218 Impact Resistance testing at its most severe level, Class IV. As a result, homeowners in hail-prone states who choose metal roofing may be eligible for discounts on their insurance premiums.

Ed Parker, a retired homeowner from Sharpsburg, Georgia agrees. “We’ve gone through two or three asphalt roofs on our home over the years and they discolor and rip off during wind storms, or leak due to hail storms,” Parker said. “Metal is much more durable.”

§Environmentally Friendly

The National Association of Homebuilders Research Center estimates that 20 billion pounds of asphalt roofing is taken to landfills every year. Metal’s longevity removes the need for frequent roof replacements. Better still, it can be laid over the current roof, eliminating the costs of shingle removal and land-fill fees. If a metal roof is ever removed, it can be recycled.
Steel is the best choice for “green” buildings, where the goal is to reduce or eliminate chemical substances, according to the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). Unlike wooden shakes or some other traditional materials, steel is not vulnerable to insects, mold or rot. Therefore, it does not require the application of insecticides or other hazardous chemicals.

§Energy Efficient

Time-tested metal roofs save energy and reduce your cooling costs by as much as 40 percent, depending on location, says the MRA. The advent of new reflective paints with energy-saving properties has revolutionized the residential roofing industry.

While asphalt and cedar shingles absorb heat, the new cool pigment technology can reflect up to 85 percent of the sun’s radiant energy. Now, even dark colors achieve the “cool” attributes. An Energy Star roof can stay up to 100 degrees cooler on its surface than other roofs, so less heat is transferred into the building.

Wilmer Dykes, a homeowner from Cochran, Georgia, noticed a decrease in his energy bill of at least 25 percent after installing his metal roof. Dykes believes keeping his old roof on his home helped save energy. “By building the new metal roof over it, we created an air pocket between the two roofs, giving us an added layer of insulation,” he said.

§Low Maintenance

A metal roof won’t crack, curl, split, rot or lose impact resistance with age. The only maintenance recommended for a metal roof is an annual inspection, clearing the roof of accumulated leaves or other debris and checking roof top ancillaries and air conditioners to ensure that they are properly drained and supported.

§Tax and Insurance Savings

The U.S. Energy Policy Act of 2005 allows for a tax credit for homeowners who install qualified energy-efficient improvements to an existing home, including metal roofs that meet the Energy Star program requirements.

§Aesthetics

For some, a stigma still remains from the old, ugly metal barn roofs. However, a host of new colors, finishes and profiles has drastically improved the look over the last 10 years.

Don Smith, another homeowner from Cochran, said that aesthetics was one of the most important factors in his decision to purchase a metal roof. “I had seen steel roofs in the high-end subdivisions and really liked the look,” he said. “Now, strangers stop in my driveway and ask me questions about my roof because they like the look of it too.

Casey Paulk, owner of Paulk Landscaping serving central Georgia, agrees. “In my business, I see a ton of homes, so I’m always comparing, contrasting and making mental notes,” he said. “When I built my new home, I did a lot of research. I decided to go with a metal roof primarily for the aesthetics – I love the way metal looks.”

Be Wary of Your Warranty

Finding a warranty that offers complete protection is harder than most consumers realize, says Clay Smith, owner of Mid-GA Steel and Supply, headquartered in Grantville, Georgia. “There is no way to tell if two metals lying side by side have any difference in quality,” he said. “Unscrupulous manufacturers can make 25-year warranty claims for cheap metal that actually has just a five year life before fading.”

Because of this risk, it’s important to find a manufacturer that puts its steel vendors’ coil numbers on their warranties, which connects the buyer with the vendor and the exact metal purchased. “This will ensure that the warranty will be fully honored throughout its duration,” Smith said. “Without the coil number on your warranty, you have no protection, regardless of what your warranty might imply.”

A Long-Term Investment

Often one of the barriers to purchasing a metal roof is the cost, which is two to three times that of a shingle roof. However, buyers who realize a metal roof is a one-time investment versus an ongoing, life-long expense understand the considerable value it offers.

Asphalt roofs typically need to be replaced approximately every 15 years due to deterioration. Conversely, a metal roof is a permanent, extremely low-maintenance roof. “Although the up-front costs are considerably more than an asphalt roof, over the long term the durability of a metal roof makes it well worth it,” said Mr. Paulk.

The Final Solution

The rapid increase in the number of metal roofs nationwide will likely continue to intensify, as consumers better understand the durability and both the short and long-term savings metal roofs offer. Add to that the beauty of metal roofs seen in their own neighborhoods, and it’s easy to understand the surge in growth. The market is ripe; as baby boomers pay off their homes and settle into retirement, they are looking for a roof solution that lasts a lifetime.

Have you ever seen pictures of outdoor living rooms in garden magazines? They have utilized outdoor space for additional recreation, eating, and living opportunities and added a beautiful amenity to the garden. The move outside can be used to its fullest in mild to moderate climates, but taken advantage of several seasons during the year everywhere else.

Paving materials should complement the house and existing landscaping styles. Bluestone or travertine pavers are an attractive choice for outdoor living spaces, as are concrete pavers.

An outdoor fireplace or fire pit offers function and a place around which family and friends can gather as the weather turns cooler. Fireplaces can be stand alone or be built in to the kitchen island. Fire pits are often a focal point within the living space. These can be wood-burning or run on gas. There are even some that incorporate a water feature into the fire pit!

Do you want your outdoor living room to be open-air or covered? That will depend on your region and climate, but options for either are nearly limitless. Pergolas offer a more open roof. Solid roof coverings can also be created.

Depending on the layout and size of your yard, an outdoor living room may contain water features such as fountains or ponds. Think about creating shade. If it is hot and uncomfortable, there is less likeliness that you will use the space.

Outdoor living spaces can can utilize kitchen islands, outdoor gas grills, and even such things as outdoor rugs. Weather resistant outdoor furniture should be used, but there are many comfortable choices available.

Why be satisfied with that cracked patio when you can create a truly unique and enjoyable outdoor living space in the same area?

The competitive atmosphere makes it convenient for the prospective home furnishing buyers to choose from a wide arrange of quality furniture and get competitive bargained prices.

Green furnishings to decorate your home interior are available in affordable prices that you can easily afford. The main reason the grin furnishing is becoming more common is also because it is designed using different materials that help to reduce the load on Earth’s diminishing resources.

The concept of recycling has also start of this trend as the items that were made with plastic and paper are recycled and are used for designing different household items. The furniture designers are also using recycled material to reduce the cost and save the natural resources.

There are many brands of interior lamps like green lamp designs that reuse the material and the lamps are also made from discarded computer circuit boards, night lamps and candle holders too. Some people are also creative enough to built lamps and other pieces of room decor with used chop sticks and other recycled materials and all this helps to reduce the cost of the items and also in saving the environment playing a positive role in showing that they care. Light weight cardboard is also used in many ways there are many card board chair and tables available that add to the room decor and may they look unique. The manufactures of card board designed furnishings use water based adhesive that add the finishing touch and also helps to strength it.

Environmentally friendly furnishings are made with recycled and used materials that don’t cause any harm to the environment and vegetable dyes are also used to design and add color to these home furnishing.The furniture’s also have soy based cushions and covers that help support the cause of global warming.

There are also many online stores from which you can get all the different varieties of Eco -friendly home furnishings and you can easily order them online and avail them to your advantage. The internet also helps to save you from running round here and there looking for your required items when you can get things processed through the online stores that are ready to cater to you at all times of the day and night that is 24/7. They try to deliver your choice of home furnishing at your doorstep in a fast processed way.

It’s always good to support a good cause that will help to save the world you live in and be a blessing in disguise as it also helps to save a load of your pocket.

Henry_Jeon

One big improvement you can make in your home is fresh paint on the walls and trim. Don’t be afraid to try some color. Plain white walls can make a room look sterile, unattractive and rather boring. Contrasting earth tone colors can give your home warmth and an appealing atmosphere.

An affordable alternative to replacing old furniture is covering it with a decorative slipcover or some decorative throws. Just adding these to an old sofa, love seat or chair can really change the look of a room. They can also be used on coffee and end tables. A new tablecloth for the table and a decorative centerpiece is an easy improvement in the dining room.

New drapes or window coverings are another good home improvement and can be done over time if necessary. If you know how to sew, you can make your own unique, one of a kind curtains.

Putting up new wall decor such as mirrors, clocks, art prints, sconces, etc. is a great way to change the look of a room. Copper or ceramic tiles look very classy when displayed as wall art. You can also buy removable wall decals that can easily be switched around for different looks.

Stripping off old paint, sanding and re-staining wood furniture and kitchen cabinets can save you a lot of money instead of replacing them. It will just look like you’ve bought new stuff. Adding a new backsplash behind the sink is an easy update for the kitchen.

New home accents such as throw pillows, area rugs, vases, candle holders and indoor fountains can add ambiance and the finishing touch to your design scheme. Indoor plants help your home’s air quality as well as being very visually appealing. If you don’t like frequent watering, try adding a terrarium. While it might be a little more work initially, once its set up, an enclosed terrarium needs very little watering as the moisture inside keeps getting recycled.

Just keep in mind when you’re decorating your home not to over do it. If you have a small home with a lot of decor, try rotating some of your decor seasonally. Your treasures will stand out more and look better if they aren’t lost in a mass of clutter.

Michelle_Radcliff

Renovating a kitchen usually starts with a design for practical reasons, the organization and meaningality. Many people want to change the look of your kitchen, developing ideas for decorating large kitchen and also find habits to invent a new look for their kitchens, giving an atmosphere that can be comfortable in and invent a kitchen in a useful and logical.

For many families, the kitchen is really the heart of the house. Not only did the kitchen work preparing food for many families who choose to leave the dining area also serves all meals.

Many devices today are configured to blend into the room. One of my favorite decorating ideas that the coating of large kitchen appliances like ovens and refrigerators with cabinet and front. These important features have traditionally been considered an eyesore for many designers meticulous, but now we may well hidden.

There are many teams consider when planning your kitchen design custom. These include areas of the kitchen to be used for storage. These areas include the pantry, cupboards, drawers, shelves and pots and rails.

Whatever your lifestyle, there are certain key elements of the entire kitchen design, any size kitchen. What devices will have a kitchen area? Consider the size and placement planning.

Many owners insist on maintaining a vintage look in your room to prepare at home in a consistent style. Kitchen decorating ideas are simple and elegant look odd in modern nursing homes and it is sometimes better to stick to basics, if you want to keep the old feel of the house.

It is now time to start planning your custom kitchen. You should immediately establish an account before actually devices Haggard. without having this kind of planning, you can have unexpected and not asked to create your new kitchen design. Her goal in mind is how to spend their money on what is important to you and is also perfect for the kitchen is custom invented.

Once you have carefully studied their lifestyle, they are better prepared to decide on a kitchen sized to meet the needs of your family. It may then happen that the perfect kitchen design.

Accessorize with the meeting! Towels, pot holders, sediment, even cylinder sets now all come in a number of models and colors are a great way to quickly and Appeals and the essence of cooking. Be constant to keep extras on hand to parade. There is nothing less attractive than towels neglected in the oven door finger, or foot in fragile states that the hook in the refrigerator.

Be bold with appliances! We are not white or stainfewer perplexed, but instead a rainbow of options is now used. Make a record with tint, bold or subtle, trendy or classic.

Homes today often have an open floor plan to make the area seem larger. As there are no walls to prevent their opinion, is almost essential to choose a kitchen decorating ideas that also suits your dining room and lounge as well.

Consider searching the Internet for design tips, methods and models, especially for your kitchen. Who says that kitchen design is a difficult and frustrating – that can be fun if you are prepared with the tools and knowledge appropriate.

George_Sandler

Pillows come in all shapes and sizes. When combined, they are an art instillation in and of themselves. The benefit of this kind of art is that it is so comfortable for everyday use. A heap of pillows is fun to jump into, sprawl out on, build forts with, offer to guests to make them more comfortable, support aching backs with, rest your head on, elevate your feet with, and of course, have a pillow fight with.

Many modern day artists work in fabric to create unique signature pillows. These don’t have to be extremely expensive, as they are often designed by the artist and then mass produced to lower costs. Some artists work with a certain style or theme that runs through their cushioned creations, so you can combine pillows that have different designs while retaining the same look and feel.

Pillows can have tassels, fringes, fur, laces, or buttons. The possibilities are virtually endless. That means you can use different elements to create a unified look without giving up on variety. Try a collection of pillows that share the same shape and fabric but come in a multitude of colors; or why not a mix of different pillows in pure white, showing off different textures and trimmings?

Don’t think just beds and couches either. Pillows come in all sizes. Some are large enough to be used as chairs or beds, while some are tiny and have pockets for teeth that the tooth faerie will come for. Play around and adds elements of luxury and comfort in various rooms.

Nowadays, the best material for pillows is organic cotton and bamboo fabric. Bamboo fabric is the softest and silkiest, as well as being made of a renewable resource that is sustainably grown without pesticides or fertilizers. Organic cotton is without any of the toxic pesticides used on conventional cotton. The difference means that you and your family will not have to worry about getting cancer. Organic pillows are safe.

Bamboo also dries quickly and resists mildew and mold, as well as bacteria and dust-mites, allergens that are typically problematic with conventional pillows. All in all, Bamboo fabric and organic cotton fabric are your best option for home decor pillows.

Anne_E._Moss

Purchasing a home is the single largest investment that most of us will make. The roof of our house plays an important role in preserving our house and maintaining its value in the resale market. The life of the roof depends on the roofing materials used, the local weather conditions, care taken during the installation process and the level of maintenance applied to it. Asphalt and wood shingle roofs can last for 30 to 40 years, respectively.  Clay tile rofs have a lifespan of 20 years whereas metal roofs can last for more than 40 years.

The sun has a detrimental effect upon the roofing material, regardless of what type of roof it is. The rays cause the material to expand, contract, warp, curl, and lose strength and shape. Elements such as rain water, high winds, snow, hail, etc cause further damage to the already weakened roof resulting in leaks, damage, mildew and fungus growth.

If an inspection of a roof reveal that there is a leakage problem at several points and that the shingles are worn out, replacing the roof is a better idea than making repairs. A new roof offers the benefits of providing sturdy protection for your house preventing damage to the structural systems inside the home from leaks as well as a new roof can provide improved insulation and a change in the appearance of your home.

Types of roofing materials

There are many different types of materials that are used for the purpose of roofing.

Wood Shingles

Wood shingles are usually made from western red cedar and are popular because they are easy to manufacture, light weight and have a very distinctive appearance.

Asphalt Shingles

Asphalt is one of the most commonly used roofing materials around today. It has a lifespan of 15-25 years. Asphalt shingles have a fiberglass body that is coated with asphalt and mineral granules for added protection. When the edges of the asphalt begin to crack and warp, it indicates that age has caught up with the material, which is beginning to dry and may no longer be a good weather proofing material. Asphalt shingles are easy to install and can be used with a variety of flashing and edging products without any special accessories for roof edges, wall cuttings, and chimneys.

Tiles

Tiles can be either ceramic, clay, or concrete. Ceramic tiles are favored in warmer climates. Tiles lend style to the roof but are difficult to install because of their weight. The roofs need to be reinforced before tiles can be laid out.

Corrugated Metal

Corrugated metal is very durable and will last upwards of 50 years with periodic maintenance, they need to be painted and protected from moisture. Metal roofs are available in sheets at home improvement stores in a wide range of colors and can be crafted to give the appearance of traditional tiles. They are sturdy and durable.

Slate

Slate is another durable roofing material that is almost non-absorbent. Slate has been used for centuries. It is a naturally occurring product that is resistant to wind, sun, rain, and other forces of nature. Its gentle colors and unique textures coupled with its durability offer a great mix of utility and beauty. However, slate roofs are difficult to install and the material is expensive.

Cost comparison between roofing materials

Factors affecting the cost of the roof include the area to be covered; the material used, layers of shingles placed; effort involved in removing the existing roofing; and any work required on the gutters and siding. The cost of roofing materials is usually quoted in terms of squares. One square is equal to an area of 10 feet x 10 feet.

Costs of common roofing materials are given below. These costs are exclusive of the installation charges.

Fiberglass coated with asphalt:

It comes with a warranty of 25-35 years and costs between $30 – $35 per square foot. The weight per square can range from 200 to 300 pounds.

Wood shingles:

These carry a warranty of 20-30 years and cost between $100 – $200 per square foot. The weight per square can vary from 300 to 350 pounds.

Clay/Concrete tiles:

The warranty for tiles can range from 25 to 75 years. Tiles can cost between $150 – $500 per square foot. The weight per square can vary from 500 – 1200 pounds.

Steel and Aluminum:

These come with a warranty of up to 50 years and can cost between $150 – $250 per square foot. The weight per square is in the range of 50 – 100 pounds.

Natural Slate:

It carries a warranty of over 100 years and costs between $300 – $600 per square foot. It weighs between 600 – 2000 pounds per square.

How long does a new roof  take to install?

Roofing is a seasonal business, so if you intend to get it done by a roofing contractor, it is possible that your turn may come after a week or two of your agreeing to get the work done. Other important factors include the weather conditions, area of the roof and the roofing material. An asphalt roof can be finished in 2 – 3 days. A wood shingle roof can be laid in 3 – 4 days. Metal roofing can be completed in 2 – 4 days.

Asphalt: A waterproofing agent applied to roofing materials during manufacturing.

Asphalt plastic roofing cement: An asphalt-based sealant used to bond roofing materials. Also known as flashing cement, roof tar, bull or mastic.

Back surfacing: Granular material applied to the back side of shingles to keep them from sticking during delivery and storage.

Base flashing: That portion of the flashing attached to or resting on the deck to direct the flow of water onto the roof.

Built-up roof: Multiple layers of asphalt and ply sheets bonded together.

Butt edge: The bottom edge of the shingle tabs.

Caulk: To fill a joint to prevent leaks.

Closed valley: The valley flashing is covered by shingles.

Coating: A layer of viscous asphalt applied to the outer roof surface to protect the roof membrane.

Collar: Pre-formed flange placed over a vent pipe to seal the roof around the vent pipe opening. Also called a vent sleeve.

Concealed nail method: Application of roll roofing in which all nails are covered by a cemented, overlapping course.

Counter flashing: That portion of the flashing attached to a vertical surface above the plane of the roof to prevent water from migrating behind the base flashing.

Course: Row of shingles that can run horizontally, diagonally or vertically.

Cricket: A peaked water diverter installed at the back of a chimney to prevent accumulation of snow and ice and to deflect water.

Deck: The top surface of which a roof system is applied, surface installed over the supporting framing members.

Double coverage: Asphalt roofing whose lapped portion is at least two inches wider than the exposed portion, resulting in two layers of roofing material over the deck.

Downspout: A pipe for draining water from roof gutters to drain. Also called a leader.

Drip edge: L-shaped flashing used along the eaves and rakes to allow water run-off into the gutters and to drip clear of underlying construction.

Eave: The part of the roof that overhangs or extends outward and is not directly over the exterior walls or the buildings interior.

Exposed nail method: Application of roll roofing where nails are driven into the overlapping course of roofing. Nails are exposed to the elements.

Fascia: A wood trim board used to hide the cut ends of the roof’s rafters and sheathing.

Felt: Fibrous material used as an underlayment or sheathing paper, describes roll roofing materials.

Flashing: Pieces of metal or roll roofing used to form water seal around vent pipes, chimneys, adjoining walls, dormers and valleys.

Gable: The end of an exterior wall that comes to a triangular point at the ridge of a sloping roof.

Granules: Ceramic-coated and fired crushed rock that is applied as the top surface of asphalt roofing products.

Gutter: The trough that channels water from the eaves to the downspouts. Usually attached to the fascia.

Head lap: An overlapping of shingles or roofing felt at their upper edge.

Hip: The fold or vertical ridge formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes. Runs from the ridge to the eaves.

Ice dam: Condition forming water back-up at the eave areas by the thawing and re-freezing of melted snow on the overhang. Can force water under shingles, causing leaks.

Interlocking shingles: Individual shingles that mechanically fasten to each other to provide wind resistance.

Laminated shingles: Strip shingles made of two separate pieces laminated together to create extra thickness. Also called three-dimensional and architectural shingles.

Lap: Surface where one shingle or roll overlaps with another during the application process.

Mansard roof: A design with a nearly vertical roof plane connected to a roof plane of less slope at its peak. Contains no gables.

Mineral stabilizers: Finely ground limestone, slate, traprock or other inert materials added to asphalt coatings for durability and increased resistance to fire and weathering.

Nesting: A method of reroofing, installing a second layer of new asphalt shingles, in which the top edge of the new shingle is butted against the bottom edge of the existing shingle tab.

Pitch: The degree of roof incline expressed as the ratio of the rise, in feet, to the span, in feet.

Low Slope – Roof pitches that are less than 30 degrees.

Normal Slope – Roof pitches that are between 30 and 45 degrees.

Steep Slope – Roof pitches that are more than 45 degrees.

Rafter: The supporting framing that makes up the roof structure; immediately beneath the deck; the roof sheathing is nailed to the rafters.

Rake: The inclined edge of a sloped roof over a wall from the eave to the ridge. They can be close or extended.

Ridge: The horizontal external angle formed by the intersection of two sloping sides of a roof at the highest point of the roof, hip or dormer.

Run: The horizontal distance between the eaves and a point directly under the ridge; or one half the span.

Selvage: That portion of roll roofing overlapped by the application of the roof covering to obtain double coverage.

Sheathing: Exterior grade boards used as a roof deck material.

Shed roof: A single roof plane with no hips, ridges, valleys or gables, not connected to any other roofs.

Slope: The degree of roof incline expressed as the ratio of the rise, in inches, to the run, in feet.

Smooth-surfaced roofing: Roll roofing that is covered with ground talc or mica instead of granules (coated).

Soffit: The finished underside of the eaves that extends from the fascia to the siding and hides the bottom of an overhang.

Soil stack: A vent pipe that penetrates the roof.

Span: The horizontal distance from eaves to eaves.

Specialty eaves flashing membrane: A self-adhering, waterproofing shingle underlayment designed to protect against water infiltration due to ice dams or wind driven rain.

Starter strip: Asphalt roofing applied at the eaves as the first course of shingles installed.

Tab: The weather exposed surface of strip shingles between the cutouts.

Telegraphing: Shingles installed over an uneven surface that show distortion.

Truss – A combination of beams, bars and ties, usually in triangular units to form a framework for support in wide span roof construction.

UL label: Label displayed on packaging to indicate the level of fire and/or wind resistance of asphalt roofing.

Underlayment: A layer of asphalt based rolled materials installed under main roofing material before shingles are installed to provide additional protection for the deck.

Valley: The internal angle formed by the intersection of two inclined roof surfaces to provide water runoff.

Vapor barrier/retarder: Any material that prevents the passage of water or water vapor through it.

Vent: Any device installed on the roof as an outlet for air to ventilate the underside of the roof deck.